由于做项目要用音频播放,然后就自己研究了没用tinyalsa
一.下载alsa-lib和alsa-utils
https://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Download
这里可以下载最新版本的alsa-lib和alsa-utils,
我这边使用的是1.1.4.1版本的alsa-lib,和1.1.4版本的alsa-utils
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dSB9ZGjThztQ2xucConoCA
提取码:vzg9
1.编译alsa-lib
tar xvf alsa-lib-1.1.4.1.tar.bz2
cd alsa-lib-1.1.4.1/
//设置安装路径,在系统目录/usr/local/alsa下安装
MyDIR="/usr/local/alsa"
//host 编译器名称,不同编译器自己改
//prefix 保存路径,后面会用到
//CC 链接到自己LINUX的编译器路径
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$MyDIR/build --enable-shared --disable-python --with-configdir=$MyDIR/build/alsa_lib/share --with-plugindir=$MyDIR/build/alsa_lib/lib CC=/opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
sudo make
sudo make install
2.编译alsa-utils
tar xvf alsa-utils-1.1.4.tar.bz2
cd alsa-utils-1.1.4/
//设置安装路径,在系统目录/usr/local/alsa下安装
MyDIR="/usr/local/alsa/build"
//host 编译器名称,不同编译器自己改
//prefix 保存路径,后面会用到
//CC 链接到自己LINUX的编译器路径
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$PWD/build CC=/opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CFLAGS="-I$MyDIR/include" LDFLAGS="-L$MyDIR/lib -lasound" --disable-alsamixer --disable-xmlto
sudo make
sudo make install
3.把文件拷贝到开发板
1.把/usr/local/alsa/build/lib 中的libasound.la libasound.so libasound.so.2 libasound.so.2.0.0 拷贝到开发板上的/lib目录(系统目录下的lib,不是/usr里面的lib)
2.将/usr/local/alsa/build/alsa_lib/share文件复制到开发板的同样的文件位置(为了方便可以直接把整个local文件拷到/usr文件夹下)
3.把/alsa-utils-1.1.4/build/bin中的可执行文件拷贝到开发板的/bin目录(在alsa-utils-1.1.4目录下面,系统的bin文件下,不是/usr/bin)
4.alsa-utils-1.1.4/build/share/sounds/alsa 里面有测试用的音频文件,可以拷到开发板测试用,也可以自己下,要WAV格式。
在开发板上ls -l /dev/snd看看系统是否已经有了设备节点,如果没有,需要手动创建。
这个我没试过,荔枝派内核是已经开启snd了,所以我直接跳过这一步了
mkdir /dev/snd
mknod /dev/snd/controlC0 c 116 0
mknod /dev/snd/pcmC0D0p c 116 16
mknod /dev/snd/pcmC0D0c c 116 24
mknod /dev/snd/seq c 116 1
mknod /dev/snd/hwC0D0 c 116 4
mknod /dev/snd/timer c 116 33
//可以打下面看下有没有SND
ls -l /dev/snd/
//输出:
controlC0 pcmC0D0c pcmC0D0p timer
音频播放测试
//开机后默认状态是静音状态,需要取消掉静音状态
amixer -c 0 sset 'Headphone',0 100% unmute
cd 有音频目录下
aplay xxx.wav
驱动测试代码
main.c
#define ALSA_PCM_NEW_HW_PARAMS_API
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
#define u32 unsigned int
#define u8 unsigned char
#define u16 unsigned short
#pragma pack(push)
#pragma pack(1) //1字节对齐
typedef struct {
u32 dwSize;
u16 wFormatTag;
u16 wChannels;
u32 dwSamplesPerSec;
u32 dwAvgBytesPerSec;
u16 wBlockAlign;
u16 wBitsPerSample;
} WAVEFORMAT;
typedef struct {
u8 RiffID [4];
u32 RiffSize;
u8 WaveID[4];
u8 FmtID[4];
u32 FmtSize;
u16 wFormatTag;
u16 nChannels;
u32 nSamplesPerSec; /*采样频率*/
u32 nAvgBytesPerSec; /*每秒所需字节数*/
u16 nBlockAlign; /*数据块对齐单位,每个采样需要的字节数*/
u16 wBitsPerSample;/*每个采样需要的bit数*/
u8 DataID[4];
u32 nDataBytes;
} WAVE_HEADER;
#pragma pack(pop) /* 恢复先前的pack设置 */
WAVE_HEADER g_wave_header;
snd_pcm_t *gp_handle; //调用snd_pcm_open打开PCM设备返回的文件句柄,后续的操作都使用是、这个句柄操作这个PCM设备
snd_pcm_hw_params_t *gp_params; //设置流的硬件参数
snd_pcm_uframes_t g_frames; //snd_pcm_uframes_t其实是unsigned long类型
char *gp_buffer;
u32 g_bufsize;
FILE * open_and_print_file_params(char *file_name)
{
FILE * fp = fopen(file_name, "r");
if (fp == NULL)
{
printf("can't open wav file\n");
return NULL;
}
memset(&g_wave_header, 0, sizeof(g_wave_header));
fread(&g_wave_header, 1, sizeof(g_wave_header), fp);
printf("RiffID:%c%c%c%c\n", g_wave_header.RiffID[0], g_wave_header.RiffID[1], g_wave_header.RiffID[2], g_wave_header.RiffID[3]);
printf("RiffSize:%d\n", g_wave_header.RiffSize);
printf("WaveID:%c%c%c%c\n", g_wave_header.WaveID[0], g_wave_header.WaveID[1], g_wave_header.WaveID[2], g_wave_header.WaveID[3]);
printf("FmtID:%c%c%c%c\n", g_wave_header.FmtID[0], g_wave_header.FmtID[1], g_wave_header.FmtID[2], g_wave_header.FmtID[3]);
printf("FmtSize:%d\n", g_wave_header.FmtSize);
printf("wFormatTag:%d\n", g_wave_header.wFormatTag);
printf("nChannels:%d\n", g_wave_header.nChannels);
printf("nSamplesPerSec:%d\n", g_wave_header.nSamplesPerSec);
printf("nAvgBytesPerSec:%d\n", g_wave_header.nAvgBytesPerSec);
printf("nBlockAlign:%d\n", g_wave_header.nBlockAlign);
printf("wBitsPerSample:%d\n", g_wave_header.wBitsPerSample);
printf("DataID:%c%c%c%c\n", g_wave_header.DataID[0], g_wave_header.DataID[1], g_wave_header.DataID[2], g_wave_header.DataID[3]);
printf("nDataBytes:%d\n", g_wave_header.nDataBytes);
return fp;
}
int set_hardware_params()
{
int rc;
/* Open PCM device for playback */
rc = snd_pcm_open(&gp_handle, "hw:0,0", SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, 0);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to open pcm device\n");
return -1;
}
/* Allocate a hardware parameters object */
snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(&gp_params);
/* Fill it in with default values. */
rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_any(gp_handle, gp_params);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to Fill it in with default values.\n");
goto err1;
}
/* Interleaved mode */
rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(gp_handle, gp_params, SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to Interleaved mode.\n");
goto err1;
}
snd_pcm_format_t format;
if (8 == g_wave_header.FmtSize)
{
format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8;
}
else if (16 == g_wave_header.FmtSize)
{
format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE;
}
else if (24 == g_wave_header.FmtSize)
{
format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_LE;
}
else if (32 == g_wave_header.FmtSize)
{
format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE;
}
else
{
printf("SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN.\n");
format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
goto err1;
}
/* set format */
rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(gp_handle, gp_params, format);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to set format.\n");
goto err1;
}
/* set channels (stero) */
snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(gp_handle, gp_params, g_wave_header.nChannels);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to set channels (stero).\n");
goto err1;
}
/* set sampling rate */
u32 dir, rate = g_wave_header.nSamplesPerSec;
rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(gp_handle, gp_params, &rate, &dir);
if (rc < 0)
{
printf("unable to set sampling rate.\n");
goto err1;
}
/* Write the parameters to the dirver */
rc = snd_pcm_hw_params(gp_handle, gp_params);
if (rc < 0) {
printf("unable to set hw parameters: %s\n", snd_strerror(rc));
goto err1;
}
snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(gp_params, &g_frames, &dir);
g_bufsize = g_frames * 2; //g_frames * 4 //播放速度
gp_buffer = (u8 *)malloc(g_bufsize);
if (gp_buffer == NULL)
{
printf("malloc failed\n");
goto err1;
}
return 0;
err1:
snd_pcm_close(gp_handle);
return -1;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if (argc < 2)
{
printf("usage: %s filename.wav\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
FILE * fp = open_and_print_file_params("Rear_Right.wav");
//int fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
if (fp == NULL)
{
printf("open_and_print_file_params error\n");
return -1;
}
int ret = set_hardware_params();
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("set_hardware_params error\n");
return -1;
}
size_t rc;
while (1)
{
rc = fread(gp_buffer, g_bufsize, 1, fp);
if (rc <1)
{
break;
}
ret = snd_pcm_writei(gp_handle, gp_buffer, g_frames);
if (ret == -EPIPE) {
printf("underrun occured\n");
break;
}
else if (ret < 0) {
printf("error from writei: %s\n", snd_strerror(ret));
break;
}
}
snd_pcm_drain(gp_handle);
snd_pcm_close(gp_handle);
free(gp_buffer);
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
makefile
SOURCE = $(wildcard *.c)
TARGETS = $(patsubst %.c, %, $(SOURCE))
CC = arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
PREFIX=/usr/local/alsa/build
#CFLAGS = -Wall
all:$(TARGETS)
$(TARGETS):%:%.c
$(CC) $< -o $@ -I $(PREFIX)/include -L $(PREFIX)/lib -lasound
.PHONY:clean all
clean:
-rm -rf $(TARGETS)
//别忘了取消静音
amixer -c 0 sset 'Headphone',0 100% unmute
./main xxx.wav
总结
1.由于我做项目没有用到录音功能,所以就没测试了,有需要的话看 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30301183/article/details/98466667 后面有讲到arecord 没有编译出来的原因和解决的问题。
2.有试过按照 https://blog.csdn.net/Jun626/article/details/100036595 用buildroot自动生成alsa,并成功测试过播放和录音,但是编程上困住了,有研究过的可以讨论下(教教我)
3.最后是自己的CSDN https://blog.csdn.net/Topshenck/article/details/116002269
最近编辑记录 sck852414902 (2021-04-22 13:27:12)
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