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楼主 #1 2021-02-17 20:37:14

SigmaStarStudy
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注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

参考: https://zetcode.com/db/sqlitec/

准备工作:

sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 -y

version.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    
    printf("%s\n", sqlite3_libversion()); 
    
    return 0;
}

编译/运行结果:

$ gcc -o version version.c -lsqlite3
$ ./version
3.22.0

版本号显示正常!

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楼主 #2 2021-02-17 20:40:22

SigmaStarStudy
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注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

通过SQL脚本命令SQLITE_VERSION和内存数据库方式获取sqlite版本号:

version2.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    
    sqlite3 *db;
    sqlite3_stmt *res;
    
    int rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", &db);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    }
    
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "SELECT SQLITE_VERSION()", -1, &res, 0);    
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to fetch data: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    }    
    
    rc = sqlite3_step(res);
    
    if (rc == SQLITE_ROW) {
        printf("%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(res, 0));
    }
    
    sqlite3_finalize(res);
    sqlite3_close(db);
    
    return 0;
}
$ gcc -o version2 version2.c -lsqlite3
$ ./version2
3.22.0

版本号显示正常!

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楼主 #3 2021-02-17 20:43:23

SigmaStarStudy
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注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

用C编程插入数据:

insert_data.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    
    sqlite3 *db;
    char *err_msg = 0;
    
    int rc = sqlite3_open("test.db", &db);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    }
    
    char *sql = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Cars;" 
                "CREATE TABLE Cars(Id INT, Name TEXT, Price INT);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(1, 'Audi', 52642);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(2, 'Mercedes', 57127);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(3, 'Skoda', 9000);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(4, 'Volvo', 29000);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(5, 'Bentley', 350000);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(6, 'Citroen', 21000);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(7, 'Hummer', 41400);" 
                "INSERT INTO Cars VALUES(8, 'Volkswagen', 21600);";

    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &err_msg);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK ) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", err_msg);
        
        sqlite3_free(err_msg);        
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    } 
    
    sqlite3_close(db);
    
    return 0;
}
$ gcc -o inser_data inser_data.c -lsqlite3
$ ./inser_data
3.22.0

用sqlite3命令查看运行结果:

$ sqlite3 test.db
SQLite version 3.22.0 2018-01-22 18:45:57
Enter ".help" for usage hints.
sqlite> .tables
Cars
sqlite> select * from Cars
   ...> ;
1|Audi|52642
2|Mercedes|57127
3|Skoda|9000
4|Volvo|29000
5|Bentley|350000
6|Citroen|21000
7|Hummer|41400
8|Volkswagen|21600
sqlite> .exit
$
$

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楼主 #4 2021-02-17 20:55:11

SigmaStarStudy
会员
注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

last_row_id.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    
    sqlite3 *db;
    char *err_msg = 0;
    
    int rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", &db);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    }
    
    char *sql = "CREATE TABLE Friends(Id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, Name TEXT);"
    "INSERT INTO Friends(Name) VALUES ('Tom');"
    "INSERT INTO Friends(Name) VALUES ('Rebecca');"
    "INSERT INTO Friends(Name) VALUES ('Jim');"
    "INSERT INTO Friends(Name) VALUES ('Roger');"
    "INSERT INTO Friends(Name) VALUES ('Robert');";
        
    
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &err_msg);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK ) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create table\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", err_msg);
        sqlite3_free(err_msg);
        
    } else {
        
        fprintf(stdout, "Table Friends created successfully\n");
    }
    
    int last_id = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(db);
    printf("The last Id of the inserted row is %d\n", last_id);

    sqlite3_close(db);
    
    return 0;
}

运行结果:

$ gcc -o last_row_id last_row_id.c -lsqlite3
$
$ ./last_row_id
Table Friends created successfully
The last Id of the inserted row is 5

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楼主 #5 2021-02-17 20:58:56

SigmaStarStudy
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注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

select_all.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>


int callback(void *, int, char **, char **);


int main(void) {
    
    sqlite3 *db;
    char *err_msg = 0;
    
    int rc = sqlite3_open("test.db", &db);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database: %s\n", 
                sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    }
    
    char *sql = "SELECT * FROM Cars";
        
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &err_msg);
    
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK ) {
        
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to select data\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", err_msg);

        sqlite3_free(err_msg);
        sqlite3_close(db);
        
        return 1;
    } 
    
    sqlite3_close(db);
    
    return 0;
}

int callback(void *NotUsed, int argc, char **argv, 
                    char **azColName) {
    
    NotUsed = 0;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {

        printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
    }
    
    printf("\n");
    
    return 0;
}

编译运行结果:

$ gcc -o select_all select_all.c -lsqlite3
$
$ ./select_all
Id = 1
Name = Audi
Price = 52642

Id = 2
Name = Mercedes
Price = 57127

Id = 3
Name = Skoda
Price = 9000

Id = 4
Name = Volvo
Price = 29000

Id = 5
Name = Bentley
Price = 350000

Id = 6
Name = Citroen
Price = 21000

Id = 7
Name = Hummer
Price = 41400

Id = 8
Name = Volkswagen
Price = 21600
$
$

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楼主 #6 2021-02-17 21:12:14

SigmaStarStudy
会员
注册时间： 2021-02-15
已发帖子： 34
积分： 34

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

通过回调函数,把数据表所有数据输出到 csv(逗号分隔符) 文件

select_all_export_to_csv.c

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <stdio.h>


FILE* fp_csv;

int callback(void *, int, char **, char **);


int main(void) {
    sqlite3 *db;
    char *err_msg = 0;

    fp_csv = fopen("test.csv", "w");
    if(!fp_csv)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open test.csv\n");
        return 2;
    }

    int rc = sqlite3_open("test.db", &db);

    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {

        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database: %s\n",
                sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_close(db);

        return 1;
    }

    char *sql = "SELECT * FROM Cars";

    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &err_msg);

    if (rc != SQLITE_OK ) {

        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to select data\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", err_msg);

        sqlite3_free(err_msg);
        sqlite3_close(db);

        return 1;
    }

    sqlite3_close(db);

    fclose(fp_csv);
    return 0;
}

int callback(void *NotUsed, int argc, char **argv,
                    char **azColName) {

    NotUsed = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
        printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
        fprintf(fp_csv, "%s,", argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
    }

    printf("\n");
    fprintf(fp_csv, "\n");

    return 0;
}
gcc -o select_all_export_to_csv select_all_export_to_csv.c -lsqlite3
$
$ ./select_all_export_to_csv
Id = 1
Name = Audi
Price = 52642

Id = 2
Name = Mercedes
Price = 57127

Id = 3
Name = Skoda
Price = 9000

Id = 4
Name = Volvo
Price = 29000

Id = 5
Name = Bentley
Price = 350000

Id = 6
Name = Citroen
Price = 21000

Id = 7
Name = Hummer
Price = 41400

Id = 8
Name = Volkswagen
Price = 21600

QQ截图20210217210835.png

一切OK!

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#7 2021-02-20 14:14:54

codetez
会员
注册时间： 2020-05-23
已发帖子： 72
积分： 47

Re: 试一试 sqlite 数据库基本操作

学习了，感谢楼主分享！

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